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In Australia, you are taxed on your world income if you are deemed an Australian tax resident. If a tax resident leaves Australia, he is still regarded as an Australian tax resident, if he has not severed all links with Australia e.g. for example still owning a residence in Australia. As a rule-of-thumb, the ATO will often deem a person to be a tax resident for two years after he has left Australia. Citizenship is irrelevant for tax purposes.

I agree with all of that, apart from the rule of thumb you describe. The ATO states clearly that the first tax year you are out of the country for more than 6 months would be your first non-resident year.

My issue is whether he ATO is likely to still claim my tax residency despite this. I believe from replies to this question that they won't unless you return after not severing ties.

You  must, first of all,, ascertain your tax residency before leaving Australia. If you are an Australian tax resident and you clearly show an intention of returning to Australia within say a year or two and you still have strong ties to Australia e.g. continuing to own a residence, maintaining Australian bank accounts etc, then you are likely to be deemed an Australian tax resident even though you are living abroad.
You should seek competent Australian tax advice.

That part I know. Thanks, though.

Good question — it’s something a lot of people run into. The ATO looks at more than just where you physically live. They assess:

• Ties to Australia (property, bank accounts, family, memberships, etc.)

• Intention — are you leaving permanently or just temporarily?

• Length of stay abroad and whether you’ve set up a permanent base elsewhere.

Even if you’ve left, if strong ties remain, they may still treat you as an Australian tax resident for a while. The trick is lining up your move date with evidence that shows your centre of life has shifted overseas. That’s usually what convinces the ATO.

It’s a hassle, but with upfront planning you can avoid surprises later.

Wai